- A way of constructing meaning in media texts.
- Can be divided into two separate categories: Technical and Symbolic.
- Technical: - How equipment and technology are used to construct meaning. - Camera – different angles, shots… - Editing – pace, style… - Sound – Diegetic / Non-diegetic, genre...
- Symbolic: - Meaning created beyond what is obvious to see. - For example, specific facial expressions. - Mise-en-scene.
- Codes and conventions are a firm set of rules or ways of doing things.
- They slowley adapt and change over time.
- Shouldn’t be challenged on too great a level.
- it allows the audience to become familiar with a certain genre as they become accustomed to seeing certain things.
- it ensures that a certain text works well and fits into it’s genre.
Styles of Music Video
Music video’s can be categorized in terms of style.
These are:
- Performance – Band / artist playing.
- Narrative – Includes story.
- Mixture – Both performance and narrative based.
- Cameo – Band / artist features in the narrative but doesn’t perform for example the Foo Fighters
- Animation – Digital / cartoon.
- Variety of shots depending on the style
- A lot of Close-Up’s (especially in performance music videos). - Perhaps even Extreme Close-Ups of lips, guitar strings being strummed, sometimes the dancers feet etc…
- Crane shots – hovering over stage.
- Low-angles.
- Long Shots and Extreme Long Shots.
- Pans and tilts – move from different performers.
- Tracking
- There are many different editing techniques used in music videos.
- Music videos usually feature jump cutting to make an abrupt change to the scene
- Footage is usually edited to match the music.
- Split-screens
- Choosing to include Diegetic sound.
- Change in levels of sound.
- The mise-en-scene can vary greatly depending on the genre of music and the type of music video.
- Props – performance equipment, band merchandise.
- Costume – certain outfits.
- Location – concert halls, venues, streets
- Facial expressions
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